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| #include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("hello world\n");
return 0;
}
|
预处理阶段：预处理器根据#开头的命令，读取头文件，并插入到程序中，得到.i文件
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| # 1 "hello.c"
# 1 "<built-in>"
# 1 "<command-line>"
# 31 "<command-line>"
# 1 "/usr/include/stdc-predef.h" 1 3 4
# 32 "<command-line>" 2
# 1 "hello.c"
include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("hello world\n");
return 0;
}
|
编译阶段：编译器将hello.i翻译成文本文件hello.s
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| .arch armv8-a
.file "hello.c"
.text
.section .rodata
.align 3
.LC0:
.string "hello world"
.text
.align 2
.global main
.type main, %function
main:
.LFB0:
.cfi_startproc
stp x29, x30, [sp, -16]!
.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
.cfi_offset 29, -16
.cfi_offset 30, -8
mov x29, sp
adrp x0, .LC0
add x0, x0, :lo12:.LC0
bl puts
mov w0, 0
ldp x29, x30, [sp], 16
.cfi_restore 30
.cfi_restore 29
.cfi_def_cfa_offset 0
ret
.cfi_endproc
.LFE0:
.size main, .-main
.ident "GCC: (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.4.0"
.section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
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汇编阶段：汇编器将hello.s翻译成机器语言的指令，将结果保存在.o文件中
链接阶段：hello.c文件中调用了printf()函数，printf函数存在于printf.o的程序中，链接器负责处理合并，得到可执行文件